Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia
Volume 23, Issue 6 , Pages 780-788 , December 2009

Pneumonia in a Cardiothoracic Intensive Care Unit: Incidence and Risk Factors

  • Rosa Mastropierro, MD

      Affiliations

    • Cardiothoracic Intensive Care Unit, “Spedali Civili,” Brescia, Italy
    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress reprint requests to Rosa Mastropierro, MD, Cardiothoracic Intensive Care Unit, “Spedali Civili,” Piazzale Spedali Civili, n° 1, 25100 Brescia, Italy
    • ,
  • Michela Bettinzoli, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Internal Medicine, “Spedali Civili,” Brescia, Italy
    • ,
  • Tania Bordonali, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Cardiology, “Spedali Civili,” Brescia, Italy
    • ,
  • Andrea Patroni, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Internal Medicine, “Spedali Civili,” Brescia, Italy
    • ,
  • Chiara Barni, MD

      Affiliations

    • Health Service Section, “Spedali Civili,” Brescia, Italy
    • ,
  • Aldo Manzato, MD

      Affiliations

    • Cardiothoracic Intensive Care Unit, “Spedali Civili,” Brescia, Italy

References 

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  13. Weissman C. Pulmonary complications after cardiac surgery. Semin Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2004;8:185–211
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  20. Protocollo HELICS per la sorveglianza delle infezioni ospedaliere nelle unità di terapia Intensiva. Giornale Italiano delle Infezioni Ospedaliere. 1997;4:175–184
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  22. Fagon JY, Chastre J, Hance AJ, et al. Nosocomial pneumonia in ventilated patients: A cohort study evaluating attributable mortality and hospital stay. Am J Med. 1993;94:281–288
  23. Park DR. The microbiology of ventilator-associated pneumonia. Respiratory Care. 2005;50:742–763
  24. Nseir S, Di Pompeo C, Jozefowicz E, et al. Relationship between tracheotomy and ventilator-associated pneumonia: A case-control study. Eur Respir J. 2007;30:314–320
  25. Rello J, Lorente C, Diaz E, et al. Incidence, etiology and outcome of nosocomial pneumonia in ICU patients requiring percutaneous tracheotomy for mechanical ventilation. Chest. 2003;124:2239–2243
  26. Vincent JL, Moreno R, Takala J, et al. The SOFA (Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment) score to describe organ dysfunction/failure (On behalf of the Working Group on Sepsis-Related Problems of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine). Intensive Care Med. 1996;22:707–710
  27. Schultz MJ, Determann RM, Juffermans NP. Ventilator-associated pneumonia prevention: WHAP, positive end-expiratory pressure, or both?. Crit Care Med. 2008;36:2441–2442
  28. Manzano F, Fernández-Mondéjar E, Colmenero M, et al. Positive-end expiratory pressure reduces incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia in nonhypoxemic patients. Crit Care Med. 2008;36:2225–2231
  29. American Thoracic Society, Infectious Diseases Society of America. Guidelines for the management of adults with hospital-acquired, ventilator-associated, and healthcare-associated pneumonia. Am J Respir Crit Care. 2005;171:388–416
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  31. Dellit TH, Chan JD, Skerrett SJ, et al. Development of a guideline for the management of ventilator-associated pneumonia based on local microbiologic findings and impact of the guideline on antimicrobial use practices. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2008;29:525–533
  32. Pereira W, Kovnat DM, Khan MA. Fever and pneumonia after flexible, fiberoptic bronchoscopy. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1975;112:59–64

PII: S1053-0770(09)00099-8

doi: 10.1053/j.jvca.2009.03.019

Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia
Volume 23, Issue 6 , Pages 780-788 , December 2009

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