Abstract
The evaluation and management of valvular heart disease varies based on the valve-specific
pathology, severity, and symptomatology, and treatment ranges from medical management
to surgical correction. Given the heterogeneity and complexity of management, the
European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and European Association for Cardio-Thoracic
Surgery (EACTS) provided an updated guideline in 2021 to facilitate decision making.
The expert consensus guideline includes updated commentary about valvular epidemiology,
best practice interventions, advanced imaging, anti-thrombosis, risk stratification,
and other valve-specific recommendations. The aim of this analysis is to review, abridge,
validate, and critique the expert consensus guidelines with emphasis on the evaluation
and treatment of aortic stenosis, aortic insufficiency, mitral regurgitation, mitral
stenosis, and tricuspid regurgitation.
Keywords
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