x
Filter:
Filters applied
- Multimedia Library
- EditorialRemove Editorial filter
- Case ReportsRemove Case Reports filter
Publication Date
Please choose a date range between 2020 and 2022.
Author
- Maddali, Madan Mohan3
- Babu, Saravana2
- Belani, Kiran2
- Devarakonda, Bhargava V2
- Koshy, Thomas2
- Krishnan, Sandeep2
- Siddiqui, Nazia2
- Abolwafa, Amr1
- Abolwafa, Amr Mohamed1
- Abraham, Anand M1
- Adler, Adam C1
- Ahluwalia, Guneet1
- Aitken, Sarah Aishah Azlina1
- Ajello, Silvia1
- Almassi, G Hossein1
- Apruzzi, Luca1
- Arain, Faisal D1
- Arora, Mahesh Kumar1
- Aziz, Salim1
- Baccellieri, Domenico1
- Balzani, Eleonora1
- Banks-Gonzales, Vanessa1
- Baruah, Sudip Dutta1
- Bertoglio, Luca1
- Bisleri, Gianluigi1
Keyword
- transesophageal echocardiography8
- inferior vena cava3
- Coronary artery bypass surgery2
- COVID-192
- cryptogenic stroke2
- Echocardiography2
- patent foramen ovale2
- Transesophageal echocardiography2
- Airway management1
- Blalock-Taussig procedure, modified1
- Contrast Echocardiography1
- Coronary ostial stent1
- Cryptogenic stroke1
- ECMO extracorporeal membrane oxygenation1
- Extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation1
- Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation1
- EZ-blocker1
- Fibrinous pericarditis1
- Hypoplasia right ventricle1
- Infant1
- INR1
- Intact ventricular septum (PA-IVS)1
- International Normalized Ratio1
- Intraoperative management of intravenous epoprostenol1
- Intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography1
Multimedia Library
40 Results
- Case Report
NobleStitch Patent Foramen Ovales Closure for Recurrent Strokes in a Patient with COVID-19 on Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular AnesthesiaVol. 37Issue 2p261–265Published online: October 18, 2022- Perry A. Stout
- Nika Samadzadeh Tabrizi
- Matt Tribble
- Tanya Richvalsky
- Cindy Youn
- Brion Winston MD
- and others
Cited in Scopus: 0SEVERE HYPOXEMIA, secondary to the SARS-COV-2 (COVID-19) pneumonia, is a significant contributor to morbidity and mortality.1 Patent foramen ovales (PFOs) can exacerbate hypoxemia through an intracardiac shunt, slowing recovery and worsening outcomes.2-4 Cryptogenic stroke is a complication commonly associated with PFOs; however, current guidelines do not address PFO management in COVID-19 patients who experience recurrent paradoxical emboli, especially in the setting of COVID-19 pneumonia, increased right-sided pressures, and a hypercoagulable state. - Case Report
Systolic Nonclosure of the Mitral Valve: Two Left Ventricular Assist Device Patients with Pan-Cardiac Cycle Mitral Valve Opening During Shock States
Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular AnesthesiaVol. 37Issue 1p81–85Published online: September 15, 2022- Daniel O. Bral
- Julie Wyrobek
- Heather Lander
- Kunal Panda
- Karl Schwarz
Cited in Scopus: 0LEFT VENTRICULAR assist devices (LVAD) are physiologically unique due to the emptying of the left ventricle (LV) during diastole and systole regardless of aortic valve opening. Echocardiography is, therefore, essential in the management and optimization of patients with LVAD support who are in shock states.1 A well-described and common cause of low flow in LVAD patients is left ventricular suction events. This occurs when the pump flow exceeds mitral inflow, causing a reduction in the size of the LV cavity to a point that the LVAD inflow cannula comes into contact with a ventricular wall, resulting in decreased inflow, ectopy, or sustained ventricular arrhythmias. - Editorial
Where Should We Leave the Wild “Raa Raa” During Cardiopulmonary Bypass?
Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular AnesthesiaVol. 36Issue 11p4208–4212Published online: July 30, 2022- Evangelia Samara
- Mohamed R. El-Tahan
Cited in Scopus: 0THE PULMONARY artery catheter (PAC), the Raa Raa, the noisy, wild lion in a British stop-motion animated children's television program1 (Fig 1), also known as the Swan-Ganz catheter, is used frequently during cardiac surgery. The PAC might provide clinicians with important information on the preload, afterload, and contractility through the measured and derived parameters for risks stratification and guide perioperative management, particularly in patients with advanced heart failure, pulmonary hypertension, cardiogenic shock, and those who undergo heart and lung transplantation and left ventricular assist device implantation. - Case Report
Dilated Cardiomyopathy Phenotype-Associated Left Ventricular Noncompaction and Congenital Long QT Syndrome Type-2 in Infants With KCNH2 Gene Mutation: Anesthetic Considerations
Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular AnesthesiaVol. 36Issue 9p3662–3667Published online: May 16, 2022- Madan Mohan Maddali
- Eapen Thomas
- Ismail Abdullah Al Abri
- Malay Hemantlal Patel
- Salim Nasser Al Maskari
- Mohammed Ismail Al Yamani
Cited in Scopus: 0LEFT VENTRICULAR noncompaction (LVNC) is encountered on rare occasions as an intrinsic part of an infantile cardiomyopathy.1 In the presence of an underlying genetic cause, LVNC may be associated with left ventricular dilation and ventricular dysfunction.1 MYH7, MYBPC3, TPM1, TAZ, TTN, and NONO genes are known to cause LVNC.2LVNC also may be associated with long QT syndrome (LQTS), torsade de pointes, ventricular fibrillation, etc, in the presence of a KCNH2 gene mutation.2 The incidence of a dilated cardiomyopathy in association with a familial LQTS type-1 caused by KCNQ1 (a voltage-gated potassium channel gene) mutation and an LQTS type-3 due to SCN5A (a sodium channel gene) mutation has been reported. - Case Report
Intraoperative Considerations in a Patient on Intravenous Epoprostenol Undergoing Minimally Invasive Cardiac Surgery
Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular AnesthesiaVol. 36Issue 8Part Ap2600–2605Published online: April 22, 2022- Christina M. Tull
- Anand M. Abraham
- John W. MacArthur
- Matthew W. Vanneman
- T. Robert Feng
Cited in Scopus: 0EPOPROSTENOL IS a prostaglandin effective in treating pulmonary hypertension, and its intravenous (IV) form has become a standard treatment for improving cardiopulmonary hemodynamics and exercise capacity across various patient populations with severe pulmonary hypertension.1,2 In cardiac surgeries, inhaled epoprostenol is more commonly used and has been shown to consistently reduce pulmonary artery pressures.3,4 Although inhaled epoprostenol is frequently used in patients undergoing cardiac surgery in both the perioperative and intraoperative setting, patients presenting to surgery on the IV formulation are less common, and little literature currently exists on considerations for its management. - Case Report
Intraoperative New Regional Wall Motion Abnormalities Following Aortic or Mitral Valve Surgery: A Case Series and Management Algorithm
Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular AnesthesiaVol. 36Issue 8Part Bp3167–3174Published online: April 20, 2022- Pascal Huard
- Pierre Couture
- Vincent Chauvette
- Georges Desjardins
- Fréderic Turcotte Gosselin
- Denis Bouchard
Cited in Scopus: 0REGIONAL WALL MOTION ABNORMALITIES (RWMAs) diagnosed by transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) may occur after valvular surgery and may be caused by various mechanisms such as air or calcium embolism, coronary spasm, poor myocardial protection, or coronary artery occlusion. Although coronary artery occlusions have been described, either after aortic or mitral valve surgery,1,2 it may be difficult to differentiate the different etiologies of new RWMAs mentioned above from coronary injuries. The purpose of this case series is to differentiate between the different etiologies of RWMAs after valvular surgery from the rare occurrence of coronary occlusion. - Editorial
Porcine Orthotopic Cardiac Xenotransplantation: The Role and Perspective of Anesthesiologists
Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular AnesthesiaVol. 36Issue 8Part Bp2847–2850Published online: April 8, 2022- Erik R. Strauss
- Patrick N. Odonkor
- Brittney Williams
Cited in Scopus: 1ON JANUARY SEVENTH, 2022, the first genetically modified porcine cardiac xenograft was transplanted into a patient at the University of Maryland Medical Center. As members of the xenotransplant team and division of cardiac anesthesiology at the University of Maryland School of Medicine, the authors here had a role in this historic event. Cardiac xenotransplantation could become a common occurrence if it proves to be a viable answer for the limited supply of donor hearts to treat end-stage heart failure. - Case Report
High-Risk Pulmonary Embolism After Hemorrhagic Stroke: Management Considerations During Catheter-Directed Interventional Therapy
Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular AnesthesiaVol. 36Issue 9p3645–3654Published online: April 6, 2022- Ferenc Rabai
- Joseph E. LaGrew
- Michael Lazarowicz
- Gregory M. Janelle
- Nicolai Goettel
- Lawrence J. Caruso
Cited in Scopus: 0HIGH-RISK pulmonary embolism (PE) is characterized by right ventricular (RV) dysfunction, hemodynamic instability, and increased risk for early mortality that is estimated at between 25% and 65% of patients.1,2 Percutaneous catheter-directed intervention (CDI) has been recognized as a rapidly deployable, minimally invasive alternative option to surgical embolectomy when systemic thrombolytic therapy is contraindicated or ineffective.1-3 CDI techniques include fragmentation and rotational thrombectomy, suction thrombectomy, ultrasound-assisted thrombectomy, conventional catheter thrombolysis, and their combinations. - Case Report
Selective Lobar Exclusion in Robot-Assisted-Thoracic Surgery Using EZ Blocker
Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular AnesthesiaVol. 36Issue 8Part Bp3221–3223Published online: April 4, 2022- Martina Cedrone
- Giulio L. Rosboch
- Edoardo Ceraolo
- Eleonora Balzani
- Luca Brazzi
Cited in Scopus: 0LUNG EXCLUSION AND ONE-LUNG VENTILATION are the standard for the management of thoracic parenchymal surgery, usually achieved with bronchial blockers (BB) or, more frequently, with double lumen endobronchial tubes (DLT), as recently highlighted by Langiano et al1 and Clayton-Smith et al2. However, there are situations, as in the case of patients with difficult airways, tracheostomy, or prolonged mechanical ventilation after surgery, in which the use of endobronchial blockers could be the best viable option. - Case Report
“The Pericardial Effusion is Drained, But the Catheter Is Stuck”—Percutaneous Evacuation of Pericardial Effusion Complicated by Pigtail Catheter Entrapment in Fibrinous Pericarditis
Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular AnesthesiaVol. 36Issue 8Part Bp3216–3220Published online: March 26, 2022- Sandeep Krishnan
- Jee Ha Park
- Nazia Siddiqui
- Abdul R. Halabi
- Guneet Ahluwalia
- Ronak G. Desai
- and others
Cited in Scopus: 0PERICARDIOCENTESIS HAS been demonstrated to be a safe and valuable tool in the treatment of patients with moderate-to-large pericardial effusions or cardiac tamponade.1 Major complications are rare, but can include death, cardiac arrest, and iatrogenic perforation of the heart or vascular structures.2 Minor complications including hypotension and non-life-threatening arrhythmias are more common, but infrequent. The majority of complications are reported at the time of catheter placement; there are few reported complications during removal of the catheter. - Case Report
Transesophageal Echocardiographic Evaluation of the Portal Vein During Living Donor Liver Transplantation: A Report of 3 Patients
Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular AnesthesiaVol. 36Issue 8Part Bp3152–3155Published online: February 2, 2022- Deepak K. Tempe
- Gaurav Sindwani
- Swati Gupta
- Viniyendra Pamecha
- Nihar Mohapatra
- Mahesh Kumar Arora
Cited in Scopus: 0TRANSESOPHAGEAL ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY (TEE) has established itself as a diagnostic and monitoring tool inside the cardiac operating room.1 It is now increasingly being used in noncardiac surgical setups, such as neurologic operating rooms, other major noncardiac surgery, and intensive care units.2 The risk of esophageal variceal bleed has been a limiting factor in the use of TEE in patients undergoing liver transplant surgery.3,4 Nevertheless, it has emerged as a valuable tool in select patients undergoing liver transplant surgery, mainly due to its ability to provide real-time hemodynamic status of the patient. - Case Report
The Many Faces of the Interatrial Septum: A Diagnostic Dilemma and Considerations for Defect Closure Device Selection
Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular AnesthesiaVol. 36Issue 8Part Bp3156–3162Published online: January 27, 2022- Daniel McGrail
- Sankalp Sehgal
- Mark K. Tuttle
- Roger Laham
- Kiran Belani
Cited in Scopus: 0PATENT FORAMEN ovales (PFOs) and atrial septal defects (ASDs) are 2 examples of interatrial septal pathology.1 The presence of a PFO is a well-known risk factor for cryptogenic stroke.1,2 Newer evidence over the course of the last decade suggests percutaneous device closure of PFOs significantly reduces the subsequent risk of recurrent stroke.2 Among ASDs, the ostium secundum type is the most common pathology and, due to its anatomy, is most amenable to transcatheter closure.1 The tools that are available to percutaneously close these different pathologies vary, and choosing the correct device for the procedure can have significant impact on the clinical outcome. - Case ReportOpen Access
Tracheal Stent Buckling and In-stent Stenosis: A Proposed Airway Management Algorithm for Airway Obstruction for Patients With Tracheal Stents
Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular AnesthesiaVol. 36Issue 8Part Bp3139–3146Published online: January 23, 2022- Laurence Weinberg
- Jon Graham
- Joshua Meyerov
- James Adam Moshinsky
- Sarah Aishah Azlina Aitken
- Manfred Spanger
- and others
Cited in Scopus: 0EMERGENCY AIRWAY management strategies for patients with complications due to tracheobronchial stents are of growing interest to anesthesiologists. Although tracheal stenting increasingly is used to manage tracheobronchial stenosis of both benign and malignant conditions,1-3 official guidelines for the perioperative airway management of patients with tracheobronchial stents in situ are lacking.3 Here, the authors discuss the management of airway obstruction from a tracheal stent strut protrusion and in-stent stenosis in a patient with a self-expanding nitinol tracheal stent in situ. - Case Report
Intraoperative Three-Dimensional Transesophageal Echocardiography: Reconstruction of Mitral Valve Ring Abscess
Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular AnesthesiaVol. 36Issue 8Part Ap2563–2567Published online: October 11, 2021- Matthew A. Crain
- Alyssa Fazi
- Heather K. Hayanga
- Chris C. Cook
- Matthew B. Ellison
- Daniel A. Sloyer
Cited in Scopus: 0A CARDIAC pseudoaneurysm refers to a contained rupture of the myocardium.1 The left ventricle is the most commonly affected site for pseudoaneurysm formation as a complication after myocardial infarction.2 However, pseudoaneurysms also can arise in other sites, including the atria, owing to various causes such as infection or trauma.3 Mitral valve ring abscess (MVRA) with associated left atrial pseudoaneurysm is a rare complication of infective endocarditis (IE).4 Once a diagnosis of valvular endocarditis is made, time to surgical intervention when medical management is deemed insufficient is important because delayed intervention may increase the complexity of the surgical presentation. - Case Report
ECMO for TACO Secondary to Massive Post-Cesarean Section Hemorrhage
Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular AnesthesiaVol. 36Issue 8Part Ap2578–2582Published online: September 10, 2021- Hanan Tafesse
- Geetha Shanmugam
- Beverly Long
- Anna BuAbbud
- Salim Aziz
- K. Gage Parr
Cited in Scopus: 0Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) can be used to treat patients with severe cardiac and/or pulmonary failure. ECMO has been used during pregnancy, at the time of delivery, and in the postpartum period, with favorable maternal and fetal outcomes.1 In the case described here, ECMO was initiated intraoperatively during hemorrhagic shock associated with cesarean delivery and accompanied by severe pulmonary edema, mitral regurgitation, hypoxia, and cardiac arrest. Research has shown that there is an optimal timing for ECMO initiation. - Case Report
Ultrasound-Enhancing Agent Enables Transthoracic Echocardiography in Patients With Delayed Sternal Closure
Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular AnesthesiaVol. 36Issue 8Part Ap2568–2571Published online: September 6, 2021- Patrick Collins
- Hazem Lashin
Cited in Scopus: 0DELAYED STERNAL CLOSURE (DSC) is a technique adopted to manage unstable patients after cardiac surgery, including low-cardiac-output state (LCOS), intractable bleeding, and arrhythmia.1 This cohort of patients may have extensive devices within the thorax, including metal retractors, vacuum- assisted closure systems, swabs, drains, and central venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA ECMO) cannulae, rendering cardiac visualization very challenging. Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is the main tool to assess cardiac function in these patients. - Case Report
Diffuse Coronary Artery Spasm After Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery
Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular AnesthesiaVol. 36Issue 8Part Ap2575–2577Published online: September 4, 2021- Misael del Valle
- Kimberly Hollander
Cited in Scopus: 0Coronary artery spasm after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery is a rare and poorly understood event with high morbidity and mortality. When new regional wall motion abnormalities, electrocardiographic changes, or hemodynamic instability present after CABG surgery, after ruling out graft dysfunction, a high index of suspicion is needed for the prompt diagnosis and treatment of vasospasm, which requires coronary angiography.1 Although no consensus exists for its management, intracoronary and/or systemic vasodilators and hemodynamic support with an intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) are the most effective therapies. - Case Report
Incremental Value of Live/Real-Time Three-Dimensional Transesophageal Echocardiography Over the Two-Dimensional Technique in the Identification of Accessory Liver Lobe Presenting as a Right Atrial Mass
Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular AnesthesiaVol. 36Issue 8Part Ap2526–2531Published online: August 8, 2021- Nishank P. Nooli
- Panayotis Vardas
- Yashaswi Koguru
- Navin C. Nanda
Cited in Scopus: 0AN ACCESSORY LIVER LOBE is a congenital abnormality of hepatic tissue overgrowth. It is related to embryonic heteroplasia or rarely may occur secondary to trauma or surgery.1 When in direct continuity with the liver, it is termed a “supernumerary liver lobe”, and when completely separate from the liver, it is described as an “ectopic liver lobe”.2 The reported incidence of accessory liver lobes, including Riedel’s lobe, which is the most well-known type seen as a tongue-like protrusion of hepatic segments V and VI, variably is stated as being 3.3%-to-31% in the general population. - Case Report
To Be Removed or Not? Intraoperative Transesophageal Echocardiography Evaluation of Coronary Ostial Stent Protruding Into the Aorta
Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular AnesthesiaVol. 36Issue 1p226–230Published online: July 15, 2021- Bhargava V. Devarakonda
- Sandeep Garre
- Puthuvassery Raman Suneel
- Saravana Babu
- Thomas Koshy
Cited in Scopus: 0ONGOING TECHNOLOGIC advancements in percutaneous coronary intervention for coronary artery disease have given rise to an increasing number of coronary ostial interventions for coronary artery disease.1-3 The management of a protruding stent detected during cardiac surgery has been variable.2,4,5 The authors here report two patients in whom previously inserted coronary ostial stents protruding into the aorta were evaluated by intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) during cardiac surgery. - Case Report
An Unusual Finding in a Patient Presenting for Pulmonary Thromboendarterectomy: Pulmonary Venous Thrombosis
Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular AnesthesiaVol. 36Issue 7p2046–2050Published online: June 21, 2021- Kara K. Siegrist
- Austin A. Woolard
- Karl D. Hillenbrand
- Ashish S. Shah
- Susan S. Eagle
Cited in Scopus: 0Pulmonary venous thrombosis (PVT) is a rare but potentially devastating disease state with a largely unknown incidence. The most common etiologies of PVT are secondary to complications of lung surgery, malignancy, catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation, and idiopathic causes. Diagnosis can be challenging because presenting symptoms often are vague and nonspecific, or even asymptomatic, and traditional diagnostic modalities, such as chest radiography and arterial phase computed tomography scans, are poor techniques for diagnosis. - Case Report
Successful Use of an EZ-blocker for Lung Isolation and Visualization of Sutures During Minimally Invasive Robotic Tracheobronchoplasty in a Patient With Difficult Airway
Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular AnesthesiaVol. 36Issue 8Part Ap2522–2525Published online: May 23, 2021- Mamatha Kadiyala
- Mark W. Maxfield
- Karl Fabian Uy
- Derek Blankenship
- Adam C. Adler
Cited in Scopus: 0THE TRUE incidence of tracheobronchomalacia is unknown.1 It has been identified in 1%-to-4.5% of patients undergoing bronchoscopy and reported in 13% of patients with respiratory symptoms.2 In most instances, the exact etiology of tracheobronchomalacia is unclear. Risk factors include COPD, steroid use, polychondritis, and toxin exposure.2 Symptoms include dyspnea on exertion, barking cough, inability to clear secretions, and recurrent respiratory infections. Diagnosis is made with computerized tomography (CT) of the trachea that includes cross-sectional imaging during inspiration and expiration and confirmed with dynamic bronchoscopy. - Case Report
Iatrogenic Aortic Insufficiency After Radiofrequency Ablation of the Left Ventricular Outflow Tract
Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular AnesthesiaVol. 36Issue 6p1726–1729Published online: May 12, 2021- Sarah J. Plachinski
- Sumaiya S. Salman
- James Carey
- Colleen M. Flanagan
- Jutta Novalija
- Paul S. Pagel
- and others
Cited in Scopus: 1RADIOFREQUENCY (RF) ablation of the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) is an effective treatment for premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) that originate from this location. The reported success rate of this technique is greater than 90%.1 Intramural access to the LVOT may be difficult if the anteroseptal myocardium is thickened or excessive epicardial adipose tissue is present.2 The unique anatomy of the LVOT also may make RF ablation challenging. In addition, multifocal PVCs may originate from several intramural sites, which may further complicate the ablation procedure. - Case Report
Left Ventricular Gunshot Injury With Migration to the Aorta Causing Severe Aortic Insufficiency
Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular AnesthesiaVol. 36Issue 7p2041–2045Published online: April 24, 2021- Scott E. Janus
- Jamal Hajjari
- Tarek Chami
- Ellen Sabik
Cited in Scopus: 0PENETRATING cardiac trauma is a critical injury with significant mortality if treatment or recognition is delayed.1,2 Although there are case reports in the trauma literature,3-5 due to the urgent nature of therapy, there is a scarcity of such reports in echocardiographic journals.6,7 Given the high mortality rate with embolization,8 transesophageal echocardiogram plays a critical role in operative planning and accurate localization.9 The authors describe a case of a 35-year-old male who presented after multiple gunshot wounds to the chest requiring repair of laceration of the left ventricle (LV); who ultimately required return to the operating room six days later when bullet migration into the aorta was discovered on echocardiography. - Case Report
Role of Transesophageal and Epicardial Echocardiography to Assess Surgical Repair in Double-Outlet Left Ventricle
Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular AnesthesiaVol. 36Issue 5p1396–1400Published online: March 27, 2021- Bhargava V. Devarakonda
- Dr. Nayana Nemani
- Javid Raja
- Baiju S Dharan
- Thomas Koshy
Cited in Scopus: 1A double-outlet left ventricle (DOLV) is a congenital cardiac anomaly that rarely is encountered. This case report demonstrates the echocardiographic features of DOLV in the form of the pulmonary artery arising completely from the left ventricle with D-looped ventricles, especially when evaluated by intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography (TEE), along with the correlation of characteristic features with cardiac computerized tomography. The features pertinent to the differentiation of DOLV from double-outlet right ventricle and congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries by echocardiography have been described. - Case Report
Two Consecutive Cases of Quadricuspid Aortic Valve and a Review of 149 Cases
Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular AnesthesiaVol. 36Issue 3p717–723Published online: February 15, 2021- Jacqueline Sohn
- Faisal D. Arain
Cited in Scopus: 1The quadricuspid aortic valve (QAV) is a rare congenital anomaly that typically is unrelated to other cardiac anomalies. It usually is discovered incidentally through imaging modalities such as echocardiogram or computed tomography angiogram, during surgery, or autopsy. Some patients with QAV develop aortic regurgitation and, rarely, other cardiovascular complications like aortic aneurysm. Due to its rarity, it is difficult to characterize these patients or standardize management. However, review of case reports can be very useful in rare medical conditions such as QAV.